Revisiting Shakuntala: An Ecofeminist Interpretation of Abhijnanashakuntalam

Abstract

Ecofeminism, is an interdisciplinary critical framework, that investigates the intertwined subjugation of women and nature within the patriarchal mechanism. While most ecofeminist studies have engaged with modern narratives, classical works rooted in indigenous ecological thought remain underexplored. This paper undertakes an ecofeminist re-evaluation of the play Abhijnanashakuntalam by Kalidasa highlighting the inherent ecofeminist solidarity that shapes the evolutionary sojourn of its central character. By highlighting her transformative journey from a naive maiden to an empowered woman in the lap of nature, this paper argues how nature in this play is not merely a passive backdrop but a living, dynamic force facilitating resistance, regeneration and justice beyond human institutions. Engaging with the theoretical insights of Vandana Shiva, Susan Griffin, Carolyn Merchant, Sherry B. Ortner etc. this article situates the play within the contemporary ecofeminist discussions. Ultimately the paper positions Shakuntala as a proto-ecofeminist figure whose empowerment stems from her alignment with nature.