S. Radhakrishnan’s Views on Materialism

Abstract

This paper examines the views of Sarvepalli Radhakrishnan on materialism within the broader framework of Indian philosophy. While Indian philosophical traditions are often identified with spiritualism, the study highlights the presence and significance of materialist thought from early texts such as the Vedas to the Carvaka school. Radhakrishnan critically engages with materialism, acknowledging its historical continuity while warning against its dominance over human values. He advocates a balanced synthesis of materialism and spirituality, arguing that both are essential for the holistic development of human consciousness. The paper also explores his critique of religious dogma, superstition, and blind faith, emphasizing his humanistic and rational outlook. By reassessing materialism through Radhakrishnan’s perspective, the study underscores the need to reinterpret Indian philosophy beyond rigid binaries and to recognize its dynamic, pluralistic nature in shaping modern intellectual discourse.